46. Lighting (Illumination).- Employer of every factory, mine, building or other construction work, industrial premise for manufacture of beedi and cigar, motor transport undertaking, dock work and plantation shall ensure that:-

(i) all places in the establishment including all amenities for utility services where employees work

 or pass, or may have to work or pass in emergencies, are provided during time of use with adequate natural or artificial lighting or both, suitable for the operations and the special type of work performed. Natural lighting is arranged wherever possible;

(ii) artificial lighting is provided or arranged when daylight fails or for areas where the daylight illumination is insufficient wherever possible;

(iii) at every work place where employees are exposed to risks in the event of failure of artificial lighting, are provided with automatic emergency lighting of sufficient intensity that has energy sources independent of the installations for the general lighting systems are in working condition:

Provided that in case of plantation workers, sub-rule (i) shall not be applicable:

Provided further that in case of Building or other construction work, sub-rule (iii) and the following rules shall apply:-

(a) close to every workplace of building or other construction work site including all amenities for utility services, adequate and suitable lighting, including portable lighting where appropriate, is provided at every workplace and any other place on the construction site where an employee may have to pass.

(b) where natural lighting is not adequate to ensure safe working conditions, adequate and suitable lighting, including portable lighting where appropriate, is provided at every workplace and any other place on the construction site where an employee may have to pass.

(c) artificial lighting, as far as practicable does not produce glare or disturbing shadows.

(d) where necessary to prevent danger, lamps are protected by suitable guards against accidental breakage.

(e) the cables of portable electrical lighting equipment are of adequate size and characteristics for the power requirements and of adequate mechanical strength to withstand severe conditions in construction operations.